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Antioxidant and antiproliferating effects of Setaria italica, Panicum miliaceum and Sorghum bicolor extracts on prostate cancer cell lines

April 18, 2024 / by Olajuwon Okubena / in Uncategorized

 

 

Korean Journal of Food Preservation

The Korean Society of Food Preservation

Antioxidant and antiproliferating effects of Setaria italica, Panicum miliaceum and Sorghum bicolor extracts on prostate cancer cell lines

Antioxidant effect and inhibition of prostate cancer cell line proliferation of millet, millet, and sorghum extracts

  • Kim, Jeong-Ho (Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Cho, Hyun-Dong (Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University) ; 
  • Hong, Seong-Min (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) ; 
  • Lee, Ju-Hye (Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee, Yong-Seok (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) ; 
  • Kim, Du-Hyun (Department of Life Resources Industry, Dong-A University) ;
  • Seo, Kwon-Il (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) 
  • Kim, Jeong- Ho (Dept. of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University) ;
  • Cho , Hyun-Dong (Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University) ; 
  • Hong , Seong-Min (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) ; 
  • Joo -Hye Lee (Functional Food Division, Ministry of Agriculture and Food Resources, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Lee Yong- Seok (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) ; 
  • Kim , Du-Hyun (Department of Life Resources Industry, Dong-A University) ;
  • Kwon -Il Seo (Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University) 
  • Received : 2016.11.03
  • Accepted : 2016.12.06
  • Published : 2016.12.30

Abstract

In this study, we evaluated antioxidant and antiproliferating effects of Setaria italica extract (SIE), Panicum miliaceum extract (PME) and Sorghum bicolor extract (SBE). Antioxidant effects of these extracts were determined by assessing DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS+ radical scavenging activity, reducing power and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity. From high concentrations ( 1,000μg/mL ) of each extract at DPPH radical scavenging activities of SIE, PME and SBE were 10.5%, 5.5% and 86.8% respectively, ABTS+ radical activities were 4.92%, 5.9% and 62.3% respectively, reducing powers (OD 700) were 0.15, 0.18 and 1.7 respectively, and SOD-like activities were 17.0%, 15.9% and 38.6% respectively. In addition, SBE significantly decreased the cell viability of androgen-sensitive lymph node metastasis type of prostate cancer (LNCaP) cells in a dose-dependent manner. Morphological study of SBE-treated LNCaP cells revealed distorted and shrunken cell masses. SBE-induced cell death was confirmed by observation of nuclear condensation and increased formation of apoptotic bodies. The antiproliferative effect of SBE seems to be associated with the antioxidant activity of its polyphenol content. The results of this study indicate that SBE can exert antioxidant and antiproliferative effects and may be as a useful food material.

In this paper, the antioxidant activity and inhibition of human prostate cancer cell growth were evaluated for the extracts of millet, millet and sorghum. As a result of confirming the antioxidant activity of millet, millet and sorghum extracts through DPPH radical scavenging ability, ABTS radical scavenging ability, reducing power and SOD-like activity, a concentration-dependent increase in antioxidant activity was observed in the sorghum extract, which was showed higher efficacy. As a result of confirming the cancer cell proliferation inhibitory activity using two different types of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3 and LNCaP), the treatment of crude extract and millet extract was 1,000μg/mL Although no significant inhibitory effect could be confirmed even at the concentration of 10μg/mL A significant cell proliferation inhibitory effect was confirmed from the concentration of As a result of examining the morphological changes of PC-3 and LNCaP cells, suspension, death, and proliferation inhibition were observed in the group treated with the sorghum extract, but the group treated with crude and millet extract at the same concentration maintained a cell morphology similar to that of the control group. and no specific cytotoxicity was observed. In the observation of nuclear morphology through Hoechst staining, morphological changes related to apoptosis, such as condensation of apoptotic bodies, cells, and nuclei, were observed only in the sorghum extract, in contrast to the crude and millet extracts. The total polyphenol contents of millet, millet, and sorghum extracts were 2.01, 1.71, and 29.10 mg GAE/g, respectively, and it was confirmed that sorghum, which had the highest total polyphenol content, had excellent antioxidant and anticancer effects. As a result, it was confirmed that sorghum, which had the highest polyphenol content among millet, millet, and sorghum extracts, showed excellent antioxidant activity and growth inhibitory effects on human prostate cancer cells. It is expected that it can be used as a material.

In this study, we evaluated antioxidant and antiproliferating effects of Setaria italica extract (SIE), Panicum miliaceum

extract (PME) and Sorghum bicolor extract (SBE). Antioxidant effects of these extracts were determined by assessing
DPPH radical scavenging activity, ABTS
·+
radical scavenging activity, reducing power and superoxide dismutase
(SOD)-like activity. From high concentrations (1,000 μg/mL) of each extract at DPPH radical scavenging activities
of SIE, PME and SBE were 10.5%, 5.5% and 86.8% respectively, ABTS
+
radical activities were 4.92%, 5.9%
and 62.3% respectively, reducing powers (OD 700) were 0.15, 0.18 and 1.7 respectively, and SOD-like activities
were 17.0%, 15.9% and 38.6% respectively. In addition, SBE significantly decreased the cell viability of
androgen-sensitive lymph node metastasis type of prostate cancer (LNCaP) cells in a dose-dependent manner.
Morphological study of SBE-treated LNCaP cells revealed distorted and shrunken cell masses. SBE-induced cell
death was confirmed by observation of nuclear condensation and increased formation of apoptotic bodies. The
antiproliferative effect of SBE seems to be associated with the antioxidant activity of its polyphenol content. The
results of this study indicate that SBE can exert antioxidant and antiproliferative effects and may be as a useful
food material.
Key words：antioxidant, antiproliferating, Panicum miliaceum, Setaria italica, Sorghum bicolor

https://scholar.google.com/scholar_url?url=https://www.koreascience.or.kr/article/JAKO201609633504282.pdf&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_choY8-oLKmXy9YP-dmcqAM&scisig=AAGBfm11JvFhyqmtGXXqKoTW_G7Ib1Q7vA&oi=scholarr

 

https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=sorghum+bicolor+polyphenols+and+Prostate+cancer&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart

 

Sorghum Extract Enhances Caspase-dependent Apoptosis in Primary Prostate
Cancer Cells and Immune Activity in Macrophages
Hyun-Dong Cho1
, Jeong-Ho Kim2
, Seong-Min Hong3
, Ju-Hye Lee4
, Du-Hyun Kim5
and Kwon-Il Seo3
*
1
Department of Food Science and Technology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea 2
Department of Food and Nutrition, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Korea 3
Department of Biotechnology, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea 4
Functional Food and Nutrition Division, Department of Agro-Food Resource, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development
Administration, Wanju 565-871, Korea
5
Department of Life Resources Industry, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
Received November 8, 2016 /Revised November 30, 2016 /Accepted December 6, 2016
Sorghum bicolor L. is one of the important minor cereals in Asia, Africa, and the central United States,
and it is considered a rich source of polyphenols, flavonoids, and dietary fiber. However, there is a
lack of data on the anti-cancer activity of Sorghum in prostate cancer cells and immune activity in
macrophages. This study aims to investigate the potential effects of an ethanol extract of S. bicolor L.
(SE) on inducing apoptosis in RC-58T/h/SA#4 cells and immunomodulatory activity in RAW 264.7
cells. SE significantly inhibited the viability of RC-58T/h/SA#4 primary prostate cancer cells in a
dose-dependent manner. The morphology of RC-58T/h/SA#4 cells treated with SE was shrunken and
involved the formation of an apoptotic body and nuclear condensation. In addition, SE markedly acti-
vated caspase-8, -9, and -3; increased the protein levels of Bax, p53, cleaved PARP, and cytosolic cyto-
chrome c; and decreased Bcl-2 protein expression. Furthermore, the inhibition of caspases in RC-58T/
h/SA#4 cells with z-VAD-fmk attenuated SE-induced cell growth inhibition. The production of nitric
oxide (NO) was also elevated by SE treatment, as revealed by immune response parameters. These
results suggest that SE inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in primary human prostate cancer cells
in a caspase-dependent manner, and it modulates the immune functions in macrophages. Therefore,
Sorghum bicolor L. may be used as a functional food to prevent prostate cancer and enhance immune
activity.
Key words : Apoptosis, immune activity, RC-58T/h/SA#4, Sorghum ethanol extract

Olajuwon Okubena

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