Since S. bicolor sheaths contain active principles with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and chemo-preventive activities, we hypothesise that our extracts are more likely to alleviate the toxic effects of AFB1 in the rat model. We considered the AFB1 model of toxicity because it has been reported that AFB1 exposure orchestrates hepatocellular carcinoma95 and lung adenocarcinoma in humans96, thus making it a public health issue globally97,98.